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1.
HNO3和有机介质中U(Ⅳ)的稳定性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了HNO_3和TBP-煤油介质中U(Ⅳ)的稳定性。测定了两种介质中U(Ⅳ)、HNO_3、TBP浓度和气相中氧浓度对U(Ⅳ)氧化速率的影响。U(Ⅳ)的氧化速率都随温度提高而明显增加.其表观活化能分别为91kJ/mol(HNO_3介质)和42kJ/mol(TBP-煤油介质)。对两种介质中U(Ⅳ)的氧化速率规律进行了比较。 相似文献
2.
Fernando J Beltrn F Javier Rivas Olga Gimeno 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2005,80(9):973-984
Photocatalytic ozonation (1O3 + VUV + TiO2), ozonation (O3), catalytic ozonation (O3 + TiO2), ozone photolysis (O3 + VUV), photocatalysis (TiO2 + VUV) and photolysis (VUV) have been compared in terms of formation of intermediates, extent of, mineralization (TOC, COD, chloride, nitrate) and kinetics in the aqueous treatment of three phenols (phenol, p‐chlorophenol and p‐nitrophenol). In all cases, photocatalytic ozonation led to lower degradation times for chemical oxygen demand and total organic carbon removal. Intermediates formed were similar in the different oxidation systems with some exceptions. They can be classified into three different types: polyphenols (resorcinol, catechol, hydroquinone), unsaturated carboxylic acids (maleic and fumaric acids) and saturated carboxylic acids (glyoxylic, formic and oxalic acids). First order kinetic equations have been checked for the oxidation processes studied in the case of the parent compound. Rate constants of these systems have also been calculated. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
3.
溶胶-凝胶生物玻璃多孔材料显微结构和生物活性的扫描电镜及红外光谱分析 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
本文利用溶胶.凝胶法制备了CaO-P2O5-SiO,系统生物活性玻璃,并以其为原料制备了用于骨修复及骨组织工程支架的块状生物活性材料。利用体外实验方法(invitro)结合x射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和傅立叶变换红外光谱分析(FTIR)技术对不同烧结工艺制备的材料结构、晶相和生物活性的影响进行了分析研究。研究表明,经800℃和1100℃烧结5min的两种材料均有硅磷酸钙Ca5(PO4)2SjO4微晶相析出。烧结温度越高,析出微晶相的体积比例越大,材料的生物活性则越低。在模拟生理溶液中碳酸羟基磷灰石(HCA)只在烧结体中的玻璃颗粒表面形成,而在其硅磷酸钙Ca5(PO4)2SiO4微晶相表面未发现HCA形成。 相似文献
4.
5.
在应用γ能谱资料寻找砂岩型铀矿的过程中,要尽可能地消除非矿化因素引起的干扰,提取与铀矿化有关的信息。介绍了钍归-化的原理及特点,采用与矿化有关的元素迁移信息的钍归-化方法,分析了二连盆地东部的γ能谱资料,揭示了该区放射性元素的分布特征、地球化学作用和后期铀元素的迁移与富集。结合其他地质资料,分析了钾剩差的变异区(正、负高值区)及铀剩差正高值区形成的原因,同时指出了经过钍归-化处理所得到的铀剩差正高值区应为氧化与还原作用过渡带的直接指示,也是该区进一步寻找砂岩型铀矿的重要标志。 相似文献
6.
本文介绍一种利用原水中含有的无机盐,加入廉价的化学试剂除去饮用水中微量铀的简便方法。并对其除铀机理进行了探讨,证明除铀主要是以软化水过程中产生的氢氧化镁表面吸附共沉淀机理进行的。 相似文献
7.
T.M. Egelkraut D.E. Kissel M.L. Cabrera W. Adkins 《Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems》2003,66(1):1-12
The N mineralized from soil organic matter provides an important portion of N available for crop production. The objective of this study was to determine the amount of spatial variability in N mineralization potential in a field and to evaluate three different methods that might be used to estimate this variability. The three methods tested included predicting the N mineralized from surface soil properties as well as from a biological and a chemical procedure. Three soils varying in N mineralization potential were selected for the study from a field in the Georgia Coastal Plain. The N mineralized from these soils was determined by an N balance of unfertilized and cropped plots. The amount of N mineralized could not be reliably predicted from surface soil organic C, although surface soil clay concentration was positively correlated with the N mineralized. The N mineralized that was predicted using mineralization parameters determined by aerobic incubation, adjusted daily for soil water content and temperature, was approximately 50% of the field measurements of N mineralized. The values of NH4-N extracted with hot 2 M KCl were related significantly to N mineralized in the field (r2= 0.60) and also to the zero order rate constant of mineralization, k0 (r2= 0.77), determined from the N mineralized in the aerobic laboratory incubation. 相似文献
8.
A simulation model for winter wheat growth, crop nitrogen dynamics and soil nitrogen supply was tested against experimental data. When simulations of dry matter production agreed with measurements, nitrogen uptake was simulated accurately. The total amount of soil mineral nitrogen as well as the distribution of mineral nitrogen over the various soil layers were generally simulated well, except for experiments in which fertilizer was applied late in spring. In these experiments, applied nitrogen disappeared because it could not be accounted for by the model. Some explanations for this disappearance are briefly discussed. 相似文献
9.
Benjamin F. Myers 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1992,75(3):686-693
The hydrolysis of uranium oxycarbide (UCO) was studied by injecting water vapor into a fuel element containing a known number of high-temperature, gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) coated particles with exposed fuel kernels. The experiments were conducted in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at temperatures between 700° and 1000°C, a system pressure of 200 kPa, and partial pressures of water vapor between 21 and 199 Pa. The general sequential response of the exposed fuel kernels to water vapor addition consisted of (1) a rapid release of stored fission gas with a concomitant increase in the steady-state release and (2) a period of constant steady-state release. Upon cessation of the addition of water vapor, a decline in the release to prehydrolysis values generally occurred. The release of stored fission gas was dependent on the square of the partial pressure of water vapor. The ratio of the constant steady-state release to the prehydrolysis value was independent of the partial pressure of water vapor. The time constant for the decline in the release was the same in all of the hydrolysis tests. 相似文献
10.